What Are The Factors That Affect The Cutting Surface Roughness In Precision Parts Processing?

Influence of cutting force and friction. When machining precision parts, the extrusion and friction of the tool's cutting edge fillet and the side facing the workpiece will lead to the plastic deformation of the metal material, which will lead to the distortion or deepening of the groove in the existing residual area, increase the surface roughness and lead to the machining of brittle materials. At this time, the cutting chips become broken particles, and the machined surface often shows traces of particle collapse, leaving many pits and making the surface rough.

The influence of desquamation tumor. When the cutting tool cuts plastic at a certain speed, some small particles on the chip will adhere to the tip of the rake face and form a high-hardness accumulation edge, which can replace the rake face and cutting edge for cutting. When the friction between the chip and the accumulation edge is greater than the cold welding strength between the accumulation edge and the rake face, or when it is impacted or vibrated, the accumulation edge will fall off, so that a new -up edge will be gradually generated in the future. The formation, growth and shedding of accumulation edge will seriously affect the surface roughness of parts.

The influence of scale thorn. In the cutting process, due to the friction and cold welding of chips on the cutting surface during the machining of precision parts, the chips will stay on the rake face regularly, thus squeezing the newly machined surface. In severe cases, the surface will tear. Squamous spines are formed on the surface, which makes the surface rough and uneven.

Due to the influence of the above physical factors on the roughness, in order to reduce the surface roughness, in addition to reducing the plastic deformation caused by cutting force, the accumulation of tumors and scales can be avoided during the machining of precision parts. The main technological measures are: selecting the cutting speed that is not easy to produce accumulation edges and thorns, improving the cutting performance of materials, and correctly selecting cutting fluids.

For the machining industry of precision parts processing, the purpose of making tolerance is to determine the geometric dimensions of products and make them change within a certain range to meet the requirements of interchange and use.